Severe asymmetry, deformed areolas, an elongated cone or cylinder shape are symptoms of tubular breasts in women. The structure of the mammary gland is dominated by connective tissue. The pathology is often accompanied by areolar hernia and ptosis.
This is a congenital disorder, the exact causes of which are still unclear. Presumably, one of the negative factors in the development of tubularity is chromosomal abnormalities.
Causes of development of tubular breasts
Scientists have not yet established the exact cause of the development of tubular breasts. For unknown reasons, dense bridges consisting of connective tissue are formed in the mammary glands. They form a case or dense network at the base of the organ.
During puberty, the bridges grow more slowly than glandular and adipose tissue. They cause breast deformation. The mammary gland enlarges towards the nipple and areola. Due to the fact that adipose tissue is not formed on the outside of the network or sheath, a visual picture of deficiency arises.
Scientists believe that the anomaly can develop under the influence of the following factors:
- Genetic;
- Teratogenic;
- Purchased.
The influence of genetic factors is evidenced by the inheritance of pathology by female relatives. But researchers have not yet identified the genes that are responsible for the development of the anomaly and the nature of inheritance. According to the second hypothesis, the anomaly may be caused by biological or chemical effects on the embryo or female fetus during intrauterine development.
Opponents of this theory point out that changes in the mammary gland begin only in adolescence. They believe that the main reason for the development of the anomaly is a violation of the blood supply to the mammary glands when wearing inappropriate bras. None of the existing hypotheses explains all the features of the mechanism of development of the disease, so doctors do not have the opportunity to influence them.
Stories from our patients:
Yulia29.01.2021
Many thanks to the wonderful doctor Valery Grigorievich! I had rejuvenation surgery in 2021. Several years have passed, nothing has changed, only everything has gotten better! Especially the neck, you have no equal in this! There is no need to wait for quick rehabilitation and quick results! Everything will be great, but in a year... At least in my case, everything is individual! But, you are the best! I hope to meet you again, health permitting!
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Tatyana K.07/24/2020
Thank you very much, Valery Grigorievich! I am so glad that I chose you for my surgery. I look 20-25 years younger now (I'm 59). I myself did not expect to see such a young face. I am very happy. My husband is surprised that this could happen. He also really likes the result. Many thanks to everyone who helped you - Tatyana Alexandrovna and Anna Sergeevna. Many thanks to the anesthesiologists and nurses. The operation and recovery from anesthesia were very easy for me. Thanks to Alexandra, she has always been and remains in touch, thanks to cosmetologist Natalya Nikolaevna For women visiting the site and reading this review, I can add that the intervention was extensive: forehead endoscopy, SMAS, platysmoplasty and lower blepharoplasty. All this was done in 1 time - clearly, quickly, professionally. Therefore, there were no blue-black bruises at all. On the 3rd day, pale yellow bruises appeared under the eyes (already passing). There was no severe swelling. A week later, I calmly (wearing dark glasses) went out into the street. By now, 2 weeks have passed since the operation. The scarring process is completely painless, it is not visible from the outside. There remains a slight numbness of the chin, neck and forehead. But gradually sensitivity returns. You can feel it too. In general, the rehabilitation process is easy to bear, especially with such an emotional high from SUCH a stunning result.
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Tatyana K.07/17/2020
Thank you very much, Valery Grigorievich! I am so glad that I chose you for my surgery. I look 20-25 years younger now (at 59). I myself did not expect to see such a young face. I am very happy. My husband is surprised that this could happen. He also really likes the result. Many thanks to everyone who helped you - Tatyana Alexandrovna and Anna Sergeevna. Many thanks to the anesthesiologists and nurses. The operation and recovery from anesthesia were very easy for me. Thanks to Alexandra, she has always been and remains in touch. For those visiting the site and reading this review, I can add that the intervention was extensive: forehead endoscopy, SMAS, platysmaplasty and lower blepharoplasty. All this was done in 1 time - clearly, quickly, professionally. Therefore, there were no blue-black bruises at all. On the 3rd day, pale yellow bruises appeared under the eyes (already passing). There was no severe swelling. A week later, I calmly (wearing dark glasses) went out into the street. By now, 2 weeks have passed since the operation. The scarring process is completely painless, it is not visible from the outside. There remains a slight numbness of the chin, neck and forehead. But gradually sensitivity returns. You can feel it too. In general, the rehabilitation process is easy to bear, especially with such an emotional high from SUCH a stunning result. I don’t even want to wear makeup))
Read moreHide
Mechanism of tubular breast development
Tubular breasts begin to develop during puberty under the influence of sex hormones. The process of formation of the anomaly is completed at the age of 17-20, after the hormonal levels have stabilized. Subsequently, the pathology rarely progresses. The severity of the disorder changes slightly during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Some areas of the connective tissue of the breast thicken and lose elasticity. A dense ring forms at the base of the mammary gland. As the girl grows, a case or dense frame is formed. It does not allow fatty and glandular structures to grow in width.
Since normal fat components grow only within the sheath, tissue deficiency occurs on the lower and inner parts or throughout the entire surface of the mammary gland. The tissues are compressed, the blood supply to the mammary glands deteriorates, and the processes of sclerosis intensify. The areola expands and an alveolar hernia develops. Women have difficulty feeding their child. They are caused by malnutrition of the glandular tissue, altered size and shape of the nipple and areola.
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Tubular breast forms
Plastic surgeons distinguish 3 clinical forms of the anomaly. They differ in the degree of deficiency of breast tissue. In the first type of tubular breast, connecting bridges disrupt the growth of the gland in the lower and medial quadrants, which leads to tissue deficiency. The defect is minor. There is a slight upward elevation of the mammary gland. Changes in the areola and juice are not detected.
The second type of tubular breast is characterized by the development of tissue deficiency in the lower quadrants. The mammary gland is displaced downward. The areola is expanded, the nipple is flattened.
In the third type of pathology, a connective tissue sheath is formed. It causes a narrowing of the base of the glands and prevents their growth. A connective tissue sheath is formed, which narrows the base of the glands and greatly impedes their growth. There is a significant tissue shortage. The growth of the tubular breast is possible only towards the nipple; this leads to a sharp expansion of the nipple-areolar complex and the development of an areolar hernia.
Preparation
Surgical intervention aimed at correcting tubular breasts is much more complicated compared to classic lifting or installation of an endoprosthesis in normal mammary glands.
There is no standard step-by-step implementation scheme. Any plastic surgeon has his own experience in his arsenal and has the necessary skills and abilities to perform high-quality correction in each individual case .
Before the operation, the patient must consult with a specialist and undergo a series of studies. These include:
- clinical blood and urine analysis;
- blood biochemistry;
- hemostasiogram;
- test for HIV, hepatitis, syphilis;
- electrocardiography;
- Rh factor, blood group.
A few days before surgery, a woman should give up fatty, spicy and rich foods. In the evening, try to get by with a light dinner. In the morning, it is forbidden to have breakfast or drink any liquid .
If the patient is taking medications, the plastic surgeon should be informed about this.
Symptoms and complications of pathology
Tubular breasts are identified during an external examination of the patient. The mammary glands can be cylindrical or cone-shaped. Narrowing of the base of the organ leads to prolapse of the gland (ptosis). The areolas are enlarged, underdeveloped, and their size does not correspond to the patient’s age. The nipple is retracted, flattened, and may have an abnormal structure. When an areolar hernia forms, the nipple-areolar complex protrudes.
Women with tubular breasts do not feel discomfort or pain. They may have difficulty feeding the baby due to the fact that little milk is produced in the breast due to a decrease in the volume of glandular tissue. If the nipple-areolar complex is disturbed, the baby cannot latch onto the breast correctly and swallows air. For this reason, milk production is further reduced.
Organic complications of tubular breasts do not occur in the absence of treatment. An aesthetic defect sometimes causes mental balance disorders. Patients may develop an inferiority complex or develop a neurotic state. After surgery, hematomas may form, the surgical wound may become infected, and a rough scar may form.
Methods for diagnosing and correcting tubular breasts
An accurate diagnosis is established by a mammologist during an examination of the patient. He determines the shape and size of the mammary glands and palpates to identify lumps. Patients undergo mammography and ultrasound examination of the mammary glands. The same studies are performed at the stage of preparing the patient for plastic surgery.
Aesthetic surgeons eliminate pathology using plastic surgery. Their nature depends on the wishes of the patient and the severity of the tissue defect. Surgery is performed after the girl’s mammary glands are fully formed - at the age of 22-24 years. After early correction, the shape of the breast may change in such a way that it becomes necessary to eliminate new deformities with the help of additional interventions. In the third type of tubular breast, complex surgical treatment is used to restore the aesthetic appearance. Its total duration is about one year.
Plastic surgeons correct the anomaly using the following interventions:
- Breast endoprosthetics;
- Installation of fabric expander;
- Reduction of the areola and nipple.
Plastic surgeons correct tubularity with implants. Endoprostheses are installed through periareolar access. In order for the parenchyma of the gland to spread evenly, incisions are applied to its tissue. Sometimes doctors select special implants to form symmetrical breasts.
A tissue expander is installed for the second and third types of tubular breasts. The operation is performed while preparing the patient for implant installation. The purpose of the intervention is to stretch the breast tissue to form an endoprosthesis bed. After the expander is installed, it is filled with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Its volume is increased every 2 weeks. Stretching is carried out for two or three months. Its duration depends on the severity of the tissue defect.
In the first type of tubularity, reduction of the nipple and areola is performed as an independent operation. Intervention in the case of a pronounced anomaly is performed at the final stage of correction. The plastic surgeon excises the edges of the areola, leaves a circle whose diameter does not exceed four centimeters, and stitches it to the skin.
Rehabilitation period after plastic surgery
Tubular breast recovery after surgery is long and difficult. It will take at least six months for the hematomas to completely go away and the swelling to subside, and for the breasts to acquire a symmetrical and natural appearance.
However, practice shows that such long-term rehabilitation is worth it - correction of tubularity is successful in most cases.
In order not to be disappointed with the result of the operation, you must strictly follow the recommendations of the plastic surgeon:
- give up alcohol and sex for two weeks;
- for a month, exclude any physical activity, bending forward and carrying weights of more than 3 kg;
- Sleeping is only allowed on your back, with a high pillow. You can turn on your side 14 days after plastic surgery, on your stomach - after a month;
- do not take a bath or shower until the doctor’s permission;
- give up steam rooms and saunas for 60 days, avoid any type of tanning for 3 months.
During the first 4 weeks, you must wear compression garments constantly, removing them for 1-2 hours a day only with the permission of your doctor. It is then recommended to switch to a support bra with underwire.
If you experience pain, you can take Ketonov or another anesthetic. But if the discomfort becomes constant and is accompanied by swelling in the postoperative area, you must urgently contact a surgeon. No action should be taken without consulting a doctor.
