The authors of advertising texts dedicated to contouring and other types of anti-aging injections almost always focus on the complete safety and hypoallergenicity of the drugs, but often remain silent about the inevitable local adverse reactions.
Swelling after hyaluronic acid fillers occurs in almost every patient. Most often, this is not a reason for panic and “showdowns” with the cosmetologist, but some vigilance and simple care procedures still won’t hurt.
Why can beauty injections cause such a side effect, how can you cope with it yourself and when should you seek help from doctors?
Causes of complications after filler injections
All troubles after the introduction of gel fillers occur for the following reasons:
- incorrect (superficial) technique for introducing hyaluronic acid;
- filler migration: unplanned displacement in tissues;
- inflammatory process at the injection site;
- growth of connective tissue in the area of gel injection;
- formation of a hematoma due to vascular damage;
- development of cysts in tissues: when filling the cavity with a liquid substance;
- the body's immune response to foreign drugs;
- vascular injuries (ischemia, embolism) when a large volume of gel is introduced near the vessel, which slows down the blood flow, and aggravated complications by swelling of tissues located nearby;
- the filler getting into the lumen of the vessel, which leads to complete blockage and cessation of blood flow;
- allergic reaction to filler due to the high sensitivity of patients.
In addition, the causes of compaction, inflammation and swelling can be:
- using a needle that is too short,
- rapid administration of medicine in the form of cotton,
- a tense muscle due to incorrect body position during the procedure or while standing,
- injury to nerve endings.
According to experts, if the dense gel is correctly introduced to the required depth, it will not be noticeable from the outside .
Although nodules and lumps will be felt under your fingers for some time, there will also be spots on the skin, as if from bee stings. If you properly care for your face after the procedure, the mild inflammatory process in response to the injection of filler will stop and the bump will resolve in 1-3 days, and the dots will disappear. If there is pain at the injection site, hyperemia and an increase in local temperature, we can talk about dangerous purulent-septic inflammation due to the following factors :
- violation of the sterility of the drug, septic tank and asepsis, shelf life;
- concomitant diseases of patients;
- decreased immunity.
Anatomical structure of the face
The key to understanding the causes of various complications after filler injection is a good knowledge of the structure of the facial vascular system. In general terms, the anatomical structure of the human face can be divided into 5 layers:
- Skin (epidermis and dermis)
- Subcutaneous fat deposits (Fig. 1)
- Facial muscles and SMAS (Fig. 2)
- Blood vessel system (Fig. 3)
- Scull
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You should also take into account all procedures and surgeries that the patient has undergone previously, since they could affect the anatomical structure of the face and be a factor in the increased risk of undesirable consequences of the injection of fillers.
How to get rid of complications
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Preparations with hyaluronic acid, due to their hydrophilic properties, attract water molecules, and this contributes to the formation of edema in the paraorbital zone and the area between the eyebrows, nasolacrimal groove, cheeks, temples, and nasolabial folds. Therefore, fillers must be injected deep into the muscle .
If the drug is not administered deeply enough or the dose of hyaluronic acid is large, especially in patients with thin skin, grayish-bluish oval bumps will be visible. When introducing a filler with an excess of hyaluronic acid, special preparations will be needed to resolve the infiltrate.
How to restore the shape of your lips
Under the mucous membrane of the lips, lumps form in the form of a cavity with a liquid substance. There are two ways to get rid of lumps:
1. Apply hyaluronidase to accelerate the removal of excess filler. 2. For 1-2 months, help the natural resorption of lumps by taking cosmetic and physiotherapeutic procedures, and special massage.
When correcting lips, due to the presence of many vessels, blood may accumulate in the form of brownish formations. Such bumps gradually resolve naturally and do not require treatment.
Scars, nodules and cysts appear due to the development of connective tissue. This is facilitated by hyaluronic acid molecules, which stimulate fibroblasts to activity. And fibroblasts activate the synthesis of elastin and collagen - connective tissue fibers.
To distinguish a scar from a cyst (cavity formation), it is necessary to undergo an ultrasound examination and treatment with glucocorticosteroids and anti-scar enzymes. A small dose is injected once into the scar area.
When introducing an additional portion of gel to correct the formed lump, it can make it more noticeable by pushing an existing lump to the surface. In this case, connective tissue lumps may grow excessively and scarring may begin. This fact must be taken into account when choosing a treatment method for complications after filler injections.
Such products as Lidaza and Longidaza effectively correct scar-connective tissue defects. The important thing is that due to the required minimum amount, they have no contraindications: they do not aggravate the immune system, although they act like other steroids.
How to remove complications under the eyes
Swellings, cords and other tissue deformations appear under the eyes when filler is superficially introduced into the sensitive area of the eyes. Sometimes swelling of the eyes appears when the body is prone to this, in the presence of hernias of the lower eyelids and after hypercorrection of the cheekbones due to impaired lymphatic drainage or filler migration.
To correct in these cases, carry out:
1. Blepharoplasty, including laser method. It will remove bags and tighten the skin around the eyes. 2. Radiofrequency treatment with RF lifting. 3. Thermage procedure. 4. Radiofrequency massage. 5. Hyaluronidase is administered.
What to do for inflammation
Through punctures, microorganisms can penetrate into the tissue, which leads to the appearance of seals, redness of the skin, pain and heat at the injection site. Inflammatory processes can cause associated complications that are life-threatening, for example, necrosis of infected tissue. In these cases, the doctor prescribes antibiotics and drugs to enhance immunity .
Contraindications to the procedure
Minimally invasive correction of the cheekbone area has some limitations. Before carrying out the procedure, a number of contraindications should be excluded:
- infectious diseases accompanied by high body temperature;
- benign and malignant formations;
- chronic diseases in the acute phase;
- diabetes;
- autoimmune pathologies - systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, diffuse toxic goiter, systemic scleroderma;
- violation of the integrity of the skin in the area of drug administration;
- violation of blood clotting processes;
- treatment with anticoagulants, taking antidepressants;
- skin tendency to form keloid scars;
- rehabilitation period after surgery;
- period of pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- The client's age is under 18 years.
Only a qualified cosmetologist can determine the presence of prohibiting conditions.
Possible methods and drugs suitable for correcting complications after filler injection
Hardware correction
Accelerate tissue metabolism using hardware cosmetology. Procedures with ultrasonic massage and Darsonval promote the resorption of gel lumps if there is no fibrosis, hemorrhage or inflammation. Although the result is not achieved so quickly, what is important is that atrophic scars and allergic reactions do not appear as a result.
Plastic surgery
To get rid of complex connective tissue nodes, cysts and gels that cannot dissolve, surgery with incisions is used. Through these incisions on the face or lips, the accumulation of gel is removed. Cuts leave marks, so this method is a last resort.
Introduction of hyaluronidase
To prevent the filler thrombus from reaching the artery of the eye and impairing vision, hyaluronidase is administered. This drug is also injected into the lips and nasolabial triangle when intensive blood supply is disrupted, which is noticeable by a change in skin color (it becomes pale) and the appearance of a visible burgundy or blue “mesh” due to blood-filled vessels and pain. The drug promotes the breakdown and removal of hyaluronic acid. If treatment with hyaluronidase is delayed, necrosis may begin: tissue death in an area without blood supply. The process is complicated by an associated infection. Then you will need surgery, which will leave scars on your face.
Corticosteroids
Very rarely (in 1-3% of patients) an allergy occurs to fillers. Therefore, skin tests should be done to assess the body's response to the drug. Allergies are manifested by redness and swelling and, in more serious cases, inflammatory processes with fever and pain. In this case, corticosteroids or hyaluronidase are administered. However, a test must be done for hyaluronidase, since the enzyme causes allergies in sensitive people.
Drugs
Heparin ointment, Traumeel and Troxerutina - eliminate bumps, bruises and hematomas. Dimexide - it is used against inflammation, for resorption and anesthesia of tissues. First dilute with water (2:3), moisten a piece of gauze or bandage and apply to the problem area. Then they are secured with cellophane, cloth and adhesive tape. Leave the compress for 40 minutes and apply it morning and evening. Dioxidin - if Dimexide is absent. Iodine mesh - it is applied to the seals twice a day to dilate blood vessels and activate metabolic processes in the injection area.
Traditional medicine
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from propolis tincture and applied to the bump, secured with a scarf and left for 3 hours. Make compresses with high-fat kefir or grated pickles . Keep it overnight.
The following is also applied to the cones:
- applications made from raw grated potatoes or pieces thereof,
- cabbage leaves,
- mint cranberries.
Lumps, lumps, fibrosis, granulomas
Consequences such as granulomas, fibrosis, compactions, lumps, contour plastic surgery usually result from non-compliance with hygiene rules, the use of uncertified fillers or the illiterate work of a doctor. Fibrous capsules are also formed due to the wrong choice of filler type or dosage; they should be treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Lumps and lumps can resolve on their own; granulomas can be removed surgically.
How long does it take for lip swelling to subside?
When the swelling goes away after lip augmentation, the cosmetologist should explain and give the necessary recommendations. There is no need to worry too much about this. This is a normal reaction to outside interference. Everyone who used this service did not avoid lip swelling.
If the work is done professionally and efficiently, the swelling will subside in 2 to 3 days. To avoid unwanted complications, you need to treat your face as carefully as possible. Until swelling and bruising have passed, you should not chew seeds and nuts. The sharp edges of the shell can damage the delicate tissue of the mouth. When leaving the clinic, the patient must realize that how long the swelling will last after lip augmentation depends on him.
What are the possibilities?
Fillers in nasolabial folds are a worthy alternative to cosmetics and plastic surgery. The innovative technique involves the use of drugs containing hyaluronic acid and other substances. When choosing a product for the correction of cosmetic defects, you should carefully study the composition, principle of action, list of contraindications, and become familiar with possible side effects after the procedure.
The final result depends not only on the characteristics of the drugs used, but also on the professionalism of the cosmetologist. Contour plastic surgery using fillers is indicated for women of all ages to solve the following problems: vertical wrinkles, folds in the nasolabial triangle, drooping corners of the lips, loss of skin firmness and elasticity. If you follow the administration technology and use high-quality drugs, a noticeable effect can be observed immediately after the procedure.
Complications due to the use of non-absorbable gels for contouring
Biopolymer and silicone non-absorbable fillers are prohibited in most countries, but some homeworkers work with them. Patients are tempted by the affordable price and the “forever” result, and completely in vain. Over time, non-absorbable drugs begin to shift relative to the original injection area, distorting facial features. Inflammation and chronic infections often develop, and the body may simply begin to reject the drug. To remove gels, complex and expensive plastic surgeries are required, so do not skimp on beauty and health - in the end you will have to pay a lot more.
In order to avoid unwanted effects after contouring, trust only professionals, strictly follow all doctor’s recommendations, and if you have any disturbing symptoms, do not hesitate to immediately contact the clinic.
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